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(Arkansas history dates/elements in bold)
1539: Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay, FL & begins search for riches (for himself & Spain) 1541/42: de Soto crosses the
Mississippi River and explores part of what would become
Arkansas
1585: First Roanoke settlement established 17th century: Osage
raiding parties in what would become Arkansas and Oklahoma;
France & Spain try to stop
them
1607: Jamestown established www.nationalcenter.org/Settlementof Jamestown.html 1619: First African slaves brought to Virginia www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part1/1narr3.html 1620-40: Massachusetts Bay colony established www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/states/mass03.htm 1636: Harvard College (now University) established www.news.harvard.edu/guide/intro/index.html 1673-1682: French explorers navigate the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico www.uark.edu/depts/contact/explorers.html 1673: Jacques Marquette &
Louis Joliet arrive at the mouth of the Arkansas River; first
French exploration in Arkansas
www.civilization.ca/vmnf/explor/marqu_e1.html
“Of the First Voyage Made by Father Marquette toward Mexico, and How the Idea thereof was Conceived,” Vol. 59, pp. 86-163 and “Unfinished Journal of Father Marquette, addressed to the Reverend Father Claude Dablon, Superior of the Missions,” Vol. 59, pp. 164-183 in The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents:
Travels and
Explorations of the Jesuit Missionaries in New France, 1610-1791. Edited by Reuben Gold Thwaites. New York: Pageant Book Co., 1959 1673: Quapaw encountered at
the mouth of the Arkansas River
www.geocities.com/Athens/Aegean/1388/
(official Quapaw website) 1681: William Penn gets charter for land that would become the state of Pennsylvania www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/states/pa01.htm 1682: La Salle & Henri de Tonti arrive at the mouth of the Arkansas River;
www.enchantedlearning.com/explorers/page/1/lasalle.shtml
www.civilization.ca/vmnf/explor/lasal_e1.html
The LaSalle Expedition to Texas: The Journal of Henri Joutel, 1684-1687. Austin:
La Salle, The Mississippi, and the Gulf. Edited by Robert S. Weddle. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1987 (Consists of three primary documents associated with La Salle. 1)Journal down the Mississipi River in 1682 & his voyage to the Gulf of Mexico, 2)Diary from a member of the expedition who circumnavigated the Gulf in 1686-7, and 3) Life in the colony (Fort Saint Louis) and the massacre) 1686: de Tonti establishes
Arkansas Post with 6 residents
www.uark.edu/depts/4society/dg97hist.html
1718: New Orleans founded www.students.haverford.edu/tmines/NOLA/site/founding.htm 1719-21: John Law colony
exists at Arkansas Post
www.aristotle.net/persistence/black.htm
www.scr.uchicago.edu/course/econ/229/john_law.html
Morris S. Arnold. Colonial Arkansas, 1686-1804: A Social and Cultural History. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1991 “Letter from Father du Poisson, Missionary to the Akensas, to Father Patouillet,” Vol. 67, pp. 259-261 in The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents:
Travels and Explorations of
the Jesuit Missionaries in New France, 1610-1791. Edited by Reuben Gold Thwaites. New York: Pageant Book Co., 1959 1722: La Harpe encounters
Quapaw towns as he ascends the Arkansas River
www.enchantedlearning.com/explorers/page/1/laharpe.shtml
1732: George Washington born http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/faq/bible.html 1733-1758: Benjamin Franklin
publishes Poor Richards Almanack
www.ukans.edu/carrie/docs/texts/prichard33.html (This site will also give
information on other publication dates (other than 1733) for Poor
Richard’s Almanack.) 1755-1760: French and Indian War www.kidinfo.com/American_History/FrenchandIndianWar.html www.ushistory.org/declaration/related/frin/htm http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/7yearswar/fiw02.htm 1763: France cedes Louisiana to Spain as part of the Peace of Paris; ends the French & Indian War www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/paris763.htm 1766: Francois d’Armand opens
a fur trading post at the mouth of the White River
http://198.209.8.166/periodicals/wrvq/V8/N12/S85f.htm
(Article from the White River Valley Quarterly on the Forsythe Steamboat Landing) 1768:
Spain takes over the territory of Louisiana; Arkansas Post renamed Fort Charles III
http://digital.library.okstate.edu/Chronicles/v003/v003p045.html 1770: Boston Massacre http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/D/1751-1775/bostonmassacre/anon.htm 1773: Boston Tea Party http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/teaparty/bostonxx.htm (An eyewitness account of the Boston Tea Party) www.wfu.edu/Academic-departments/History/whistory/timeline/namerica/1773- (Includes information about the Tea Act, the Boston Tea Party and The Coercive Acts) http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/town/terrace/adw03/c-eight/bostp2.htm (Contemporary newspaper accounts of
the Boston Tea Party from the Massachusetts
Gazette and the Boston Weekly Newsletter) 1775-1783: Revolutionary War www.revwar.com/links/document.html (36 links to historic maps, letters, and other documents concerning the American Revolution) www.ushistory.org/march/links.htm www.virginia.edu/gwpapers/revolution/ (Selected documents from the George Washington Papers; Selected Revolutionary War Documents, 1776-1783) 1776: Declaration of Independence; Constitution ratified http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/bdsds/bdsdhome.html (Documents from the Continental Congress and the Constitutional Convention, 1774- 1789 from the Rare Books and Special Collections Division of the Library of Congress) www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon.declare.htm (The text of the Declaration of Independence) 1784: Jacobo Dubreuil
Saint-Cyr, commandant of Arkansas Post, takes a census for Spain;
records 3 Quapaw villages with
708 population
1787: Northwest Ordinance www.law.ou.edu/hist/ordinanc.html www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/nworder.htm 1789: George Washington inaugurated as the first President of the United States www.law.ou.edu/hist/wash1.html www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/presiden/inaug/wash1.htm 1794: Cherokee in Arkansas
1797: Sylvanus Phillips founds Helena at the junction of Crowley’s Ridge and the Mississippi River 1799: George Washington dies
http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/articles/wallenborn/
1800: Spain returns Louisiana to France/Treaty of San Ildefonso www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/ildefens.htm 1803: United States buys Louisiana for $15,000,000 (Louisiana Purchase) www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/france/louis1.htm 1803-1806: Lewis & Clark explore the newly acquired Louisiana Territory www.nps.gov/jeff/LewisClark2/HomePage/HomePage.htm www.xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/JOURNALS/journals.html (Text of the Lewis & Clark Journals) The Journals of Patrick Gass, A Member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Edited and Annotated by Carol Lynn MacGregor. (The sargent who kept a continuous log during the expedition.) 1804: U.S. military detachment
takes over Arkansas Post
1804: William Dunbar &
George Hunter explore the Red, Black and Washita Rivers
www.lewis-clark.org/FREEMANCUSTIS/ENGLISH/fr/floe7.htm William Dunbar. Life, Letters and Papers of William Dunbar. Compiled and prepared by Mrs. Dunbar Rowland. Jackson MS: Press of the Mississippi Historical Society, 1930 (Includes his “Journal of a Voyage, 1804 October,” pp. 216-320) Documents Relating to the Purchase and Exploration of Louisiana. Boston & New York: Houghton, Mifflin & Co., 1904 (Includes “The Limits and Bounds of Louisiana,” by Thomas Jefferson and “The Exploration of the Red, the Black, and the Washita Rivers,” by William Dunbar) 1805: Arkansas becomes part of
the Louisiana Territory
1806: Southern part of the New
Madrid District becomes the District of Arkansas
1807: James B. Wilkinson
arrives at Arkansas Post via the Arkansas River from Colorado
– meets French hunters near Little Rock and Pine Bluff; Meriwether Lewis becomes governor of Louisiana Territory 1808: Treaty between the United States & the Osage; Osage cede a large part of Arkansas to the United States; Osage clash with Cherokee
“Treaty with the Osage Nation, Fort Clark, November 10, 1808,” pp. 2332-2338 in The American Indian and the United States: A Documentary History, Vol. IV. Compiled and edited by Wilcolm E. Washburn. New York: Random House, 1973. (Text of the treaty) 1809: ca. 300 Cherokee move to
Arkansas on land given up by the Osage
1811-1812: New Madrid Earthquakes; makes changes in Arkansas’ topography http://neic.usgs.gov/neis/eqlists/USA/1811-1812.html www.arkansasstories.com/newmadrid-earthquake.html Norma Hayes Bagnall. On Shaky Ground: The New Madrid Earthquakes of 1811-1812. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1996 1812-1815: War of 1812 between England and the United States www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/britain/br1814.htm 1812:
Military bounty lands surveyed—1/3 were
in Arkansas; Territory of Missouri,
including Arkansas, created as a result of the creation of the state of Louisiana United States. Congress.
House. A Bill to Amend and Explain the Act for
Designating,
Surveying, and Granting
Military Bounty Lands Passed Sixth May, One Thousand Eight
Hundred and Twelve. (H.R. 52) Washington DC: 1817 United States. Congress.
House. A Bill Authorizing the Commutation of
Soldier’s Bounty
Lands. (H.R. 1) Washington DC: 1817 United States. Congress.
Senate. A Bill to Provide for Designating,
Surveying, and
Granting the Military Bounty Lands. Washington DC: 1812 1814:
Star Spangled Banner written (Sept. 20)
www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm065.html (Includes images of the original sheet music.) http://americanhistory.si.edu/ssb/ (Smithsonian, National Museum of American History website about the flag and the anthem, includes movie) 1817: Fort Smith established at the confluence of the Arkansas and Poteau rivers. Treaty between the United
States & the Cherokee; Cherokee cede
part of their lands
East of the Mississippi River
for land in Arkansas
“Cherokee Indian Treaty, Cherokee
Agency, July 8, 1817,” pp. 2352-2359 in The
American
Indian and the United States: A Documentary History, Vol. IV. Compiled
and
edited by Wilcolm E.
Washburn. New York: Random House, 1973.
(Text of the treaty)
1818: Treaty between the United States & the Quapaw; Quapaw cede almost all land between the Arkansas & Red Rivers “Treaty with the Quapaw
Nation, St. Louis, August 24, 1818,” pp. 2362-2365 in The
American Indian and the United States: A Documentary History, Vol. IV. Compiled and edited by Wilcolm E. Washburn. New York: Random House, 1973. (Text of the treaty)
“Petition to Congress by the
Inhabitants of Arkansas County, November 2, 1818,” pp. 10-
14 and “Secretary of War to
Reuben Lewis, March 1819,” p. 57 in The
Territorial Papers
of the
United States, Vol. XIX (The Territory of Arkansas, 1819-1825). Compiled
and
edited by Clarence Edwin
Carter. Washington DC: Government
Printing Office, 1953-
1954
1819: Thomas Nuttall tours Arkansas; Henry Schoolcraft also tours (1818-1819) Thomas Nuttall. Journal of Travels into the Arkansa Territory During the Year 1819. Philadelphia: T.H. Palmer, 1821 (reprint Cleveland: The A.H. Clark Co., 1905) Henry Rowe Schoolcraft. Rude
Pursuits and Rugged Peaks: Schoolcraft’s Ozark
Journal, 1818-1819. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1996 Henry Rowe Schoolcraft. Historical and Statistical Information
Respecting the History,
Condition, and Prospects of
the Indian Tribes of the United States: Collected and
Prepared under the Direction
of the Bureau of Indian Affairs per Act of Congress of
March 3rd, 1847. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1851-1857
The Arkansas Territory1819: Arkansas Territory
created (March 2); divided into 5 counties (Arkansas, Lawrence,
Clark, Hempstead & Pulaski) “Act establishing the
Territory of Arkansas, March 2, 1819,” pp. 44-51 in The Territorial
Papers of the United States, Vol. XIX (The Territory of Arkansas, 1819-1825). Compiled and edited by Clarence Edwin Carter. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1953-1954 (Includes commission of first governor by President James Monroe, pp. 50-51) 1820: Missouri Compromise www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part3/3h511.html (includes text of the document) 1820:
Treaty between the United States & the Choctaws; Choctaws receive a large amount of land in western Arkansas
“Treaty of Doak’s Stand,
Doak’s Stand, October 18, 1820,” pp. 2377-2383 in The
American Indian and the United States: A Documentary History, Vol. IV. Compiled and edited by Wilcolm E. Washburn. New York: Random House, 1973. (Text of the treaty) Discussion of the treaty, pp.
237-239, 244-248, 262-263 in The
Territorial Papers of the
United States, Vol. XIX (The Territory of Arkansas, 1819-1825). Compiled and edited by Clarence Edwin Carter. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1953-1954 1821: Little Rock made the
capital (after June 1st)
“Arkansas Post is Territorial Capital,” pp. 119-120 (From the Arkansas Gazette, Vol. 1 #1, November 20, 1819) in The Territorial Papers of the United States,
Vol. XIX (The
Territory of Arkansas, 1819-1825). Compiled and edited by Clarence Edwin Carter. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1953-1954 (Descriptive background and present condition of the Post of Arkansas) “Establishment of Little Rock,” pp.
357-362 in The Territorial Papers of the
United
States, Vol. XIX (The Territory of Arkansas, 1819-1825). Compiled and edited by Clarence Edwin Carter. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1953-1954 (p. 244 includes mention of the capital having been moved.) 1822: Santa Fe opened to American traders www.nmhu.edu/research/sftrail/becknell.htm (Diary of William Becknell, 1823, Boon’s Lick to Santa Fe) 1823: First American settlers arrive in Texas www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/MM/ugm1.html www2.austin.cc.tx.us/rgriffin/2301intprindocs03.html (Links to documents about Texas settlement.) 1824:
Treaty between the United States & the Quapaw; Quapaw cede land south of the
Arkansas River to the United
States, join Caddo on the Red River
Various documents relating to
this treaty, pp. 579-580, 751, 2444-2446 in The Territorial
Papers of the United States, Vol. XIX (The Territory of Arkansas, 1819-1825). Compiled and edited by Clarence Edwin Carter. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1953-1954 (ncludes cost of the treaty and surveying the townships ceded by the Quapaws.) 1825 Osage cede all land
claims in Arkansas to U.S. Government
“Treaty with the Osage Nation,
St. Louis, June 2-3, 1825,” pp. 2395-2401 in The
American Indian and the United States: A Documentary History, Vol. IV. Compiled and edited by Wilcolm E. Washburn. New York: Random House, 1973. (Text of the treaty) 1825: Erie Canal completed 1825:
Treaty between the United States & the Choctaws; Choctaws cede lands in Arkansas to the United States that they received
in 1820; establish the present border of the State of Arkansas from Fort Smith to
the Red River
“Treaty with the Choctaws, Washington, January 20, 1825,” pp. 2384-2388 in The American Indian and the United States: A Documentary History, Vol. IV. Compiled and edited by Wilcolm E. Washburn. New York: Random House, 1973. (Text of the treaty) 1828:
Treaty between the United States & the Cherokee; Cherokee leave Arkansas; western boundary of the State of Arkansas
established
“Treaty with the Western
Cherokees, Washington, May 6, 1828,” pp. 2417-2422 in The
American Indian and the United States: A Documentary History, Vol. IV. Compiled and edited by Wilcolm E. Washburn. New York: Random House, 1973. (Text of the treaty) United States. Congress.
House. Lovely’s Purchase: Letter from the Secretary
of War,
transmitting correspondence relative to the Settlement of Lovely’s Purchase in the Territory of Arkansas, April 30, 1828, 20th Cong., 1st sess., House Document 263 1830: Congress passes the Indian Removal Act www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/removal.htm (includes text of the Removal Act) www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/andrew.htm (Jackson’s message to Congress about the Removal) www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/party/4p2959.html 1830s-1840: Removal of the 5 Civilized Tribes to Indian Territory (Oklahoma); Trail of Tears www.imsa.edu/edu/socsci/jvictory/required-sem1/indian_removal_sc.htm (Cherokee Nation v State of Georgia, 1831; Supreme Court decision on the Indian Removal Act) http://rosecity.net/tears/trail/tearsnht.html 1833: Arkansas petitions U.S.
Congress to have Constitutional Convention for statehood
(December)
1835: Arkansas elects first
delegates to State Constitutional Convention (December)
Formation of Constitutional
Convention, September 21, 1835, pp. 1082-1087 in The
Territorial Papers of the United States, Vol. XXI (The Territory of Arkansas, 1829-1836). Compiled and edited by Clarence Edwin Carter. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1953-1954 1835: Caddo cede all lands in
Louisiana & Arkansas to U.S. Government
http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/cad0432.htm (Text of treaty and margin notes.)
Arkansas Becomes a State1836: Arkansas frames
Constitution but has to wait to become a state because of anti-
slavery opposition (January)
“Petition for Statehood (including Ordinance by the Constitutional Convention),” pp. 1187-1191 in The Territorial Papers of the United States,
Vol. XXI (The Territory of
Arkansas, 1829-1836). Compiled and edited by Clarence Edwin Carter. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1953-1954 (In particular, see n. 13, pp. 1187-1188) United States. Congress. House. Message from the President of the United
States,
transmitting the proceedings
of a Convention assembled at Little Rock, in the Territory of
Arkansas, for the purpose of
forming a constitution and system of Government for the
State of Arkansas, 24th Cong., 1st sess., House Document 164 1836: Texas Independence www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/texdec.htm 1836: June 15th Arkansas becomes the 25th state of the Union
http://home.earthlink.net/~fcarner/1836.htm 1837:
Panic of 1837; Arkansas population
almost doubles in 5 years
www.americanpresident.org/kotrain/courses/MVB/MVB_Domestic_Affairs.htm (Panic of 1837) 1838: Permanent facility
begins to be built at Fort Smith
www.nps.gov/fosm/history/2ndfort/ 1844: First telegraph message (May 24) www.150.si.edu/150trav/remember/r819.htm (Photograph and background of the machine used.) www.senate.gov/vtour/morse.htm (Fist test of the telegraph May 24, 1844 in the Old Supreme Court Chamber) 1846-1848: Mexican-American
War (United States vs. Mexico); Arkansas
furnishes one
cavalry regiment &
frontier troops
www.pbs.org/kera/usmexicanwar/ http://sunsite.unam.mx/revistas/1847/Summa.html 1848:
California Gold Rush begins; gold
hunters use Fort Smith and Van Buren as points
from which to leave for
California
www.sfmuseum.org/hist2/gold.html
(Discovery of Gold in California by Gen. John A. Sutter; and check other links) www.sfmuseum.org.hist2/gold2.html (Sutter’s account of his discovery of gold; and check other links) www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/index0.1.html#gold (check for other information under San Francisco-Gold Rush) 1850: Compromise of 1850; Fugitive Slave Act www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/fugitive.htm www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2951.html www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm043.html (Includes manuscript with corrections by John C. Calhoun) www.archives.gov/exhibit_hall/treasures_of_congress/page_11.html 1852:
Harriet Beecher Stowe publishes Uncle
Tom’s Cabin
http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/STOWE/Stowe.html (Includes text, resources, information about Stowe, etc) 1854: Kansas-Nebraska Act, repudiates the Compromise of 1820 www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/kanneb.htm www.ashbrook.org/library/19/lincoln/peoria.html (Lincoln’s speech on the repeal of the Missouri Compromise) 1857: Mountain Meadows
Massacre
www.mtn-meadows-assoc.com/Carelton/maj.htm (Major Carelton’s report to Congress, May 25, 1859) www.mtn-meadows-assoc.com/Depo%20and%20Journals/Depos.htm (First-hand accounts, depositions and journals about the incident) www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/six/ (Good source for documents about the incident.) 1859: Comstock Lode Silver Strike www.aracnet.com/~histgaz/dequil1.htm (Excerpts from a writer of the Territorial Enterprise newspaper at the time of the strike.)
Arkansas During the Civil War1860: Abraham Lincoln elected President www.tulane.edu/~latner/Background/BackgroundElection.html 1860: South Carolina secedes from the Union www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/csa/scarsec.htm (Declaration of the immediate causes for South Carolina secession) http://history.furman.edu/~benson/docs/scdebate3.htm (South Carolina Secession Declaration debate as carried in the South Carolina Courier, Dec. 25, 1860) 1861-1865: American Civil War 1861: Fort Sumter falls to Confederacy (April 12th) www.civilwarhome.com/ftsumter.htm (Official Records and Battle Description) www.tulane.edu/~latner/CrisisMain.html (Includes other information about the Civil War) 1861: Arkansas secedes from
the Union (May 6th); admitted to the Confederate States of
America (May 18th)
www.csawardept.com/documents/secession/ar/ (Text of the Ordinance of Secession, May 6, 1861, by vote of 99-1 and information on Secession Convention delegates.) 1862: Battle of Antietam www.civilwarhome.com/antietam.htm (Official Records and Battle Description) 1862: Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern) (March 6-8); Battle of Prairie Grove (Dec. 7) www.civilwarhome.com/pearidge.htm (Official Records and Battle Description) www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/70prairie/70prairie.htm (Includes activities, lesson plans, use of historic documents, etc.) The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of
the Official Records of the Union and
Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. VIII, pp. 189-330. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1883 (Pea Ridge) The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of
the Official Records of the Union and
Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XXII, Part I, pp. 67-158. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1888 (Prairie Grove) 1862: Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation www.law.ou.edu/hist/emanc.html www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/emancipa.htm 1862: Homestead Act (Ma7 20) www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archive/five/homestd.htm (Text of the act) 1863: Federal troops capture
Arkansas Post (January 11th)
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of
the Official Records of the Union and
Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XVII, Part I, pp. 698-796. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1863: Battle of Helena (July 4); fall of Vicksburg (July 4); Gettysburg The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of
the Official Records of the Union and
Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XXII, Part I, pp. 383-443. Washington DC: Government Printing Office,
1888 (Helena)
1863: State capital moved from
Little Rock to Washington (Hempstead County) in
September; Little Rock falls
to Federal troops (September 10th)
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of
the Official Records of the Union and
Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XXII, Part I, pp. 468-544. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1888 (Advance upon Little Rock) 1863: Gettysburg Address (Nov. 19) www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/gettysb.htm 1864: Camden Expedition (March
23-May 3)
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of
the Official Records of the Union and
Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XXXIV, Part I, pp. 653-849. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1891 1864: Lincoln re-elected President www.nps.gov/liho/writer/1864.htm (Lincoln’s thoughts about the election.) www.gliah.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=121 (Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History information about the election.) 1865: 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution passed (abolishing slavery) www.nps.gov/malu/documents/amend13.htm (Includes text of the amendment and information about its proposal and ratification) www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/constitution/con024.pdf (Includes text of the amendment as well as the discussion about the abolition of slavery, the origin and purpose of the amendment, etc.) 1865: Lee surrenders at Appomattox Courthouse (April 9th) (Includes the text of the notes exchanged by Lee and Grant before meeting, eyewitness accounts of the meeting, discussion by Lee and Grant while there and documents) 1865: Lincoln assassinated by John Wilkes Booth (April 14th) http://memory.loc.gov/ammen/alhtml/alrintr.html (Discussion of the event, timeline, etc. from the Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress) www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/lincolnconspiracy/lincolnconspiracy.html (Trial of the conspirators in 1865, includes information about those involved, Ford’s Theatre, maps, etc.) (Information about Ford’s Theatre, the play, gun, chair, Booth’s escape, etc.) 1865: Last military action in
Arkansas near Monticello (May 24th); Confederate
government in Arkansas ends
(May 26th)
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union andConfederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XLVIII, Part I, pp. 289-290. Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1896 1866: 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution passed (equal rights under the law to all Americans) – adopted 1868 www.nps.gov/malu/documents.amend14.htm (Includes the text of the amendment and information about its proposal and ratification) 1867: United States buys Alaska from Russia www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/alaska_migration/purchase_treaty.html www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/alaska_migration/cancelled_check.html www.americaslibrary.gov/pages/jb_0330_alaska_1.html
Arkansas During Reconstruction (ca. 1867-1874)1867: U.S. Government declares
Arkansas state government illegal; state placed under
military rule (Reconstruction
Act)
http://itw.sewanee.edu/reconstruction/html/docs/recon_act_67.htm (Text of the First Reconstruction Act, March 2, 1867) www.multied.com/documents/secondreconstruction.html (Text of the Second Reconstruction Act, March 23, 1867) www.multied.com/documents/thirdreconstruction.html (Text of the Third Reconstruction Act) 1868: Arkansas readmitted to
the Union (June 22nd); new State Constitution
Debates and Proceedings of the Convention
which Assembled at Little Rock, Jan. 7th,
1868…to form a constitution for the State of Arkansas. Little Rock: J.G. Price, 1868 “Constitutional Convention of 1868.” Reports of the Arkansas Historical Association, Vol. IV 1869: Transcontinental Railroad completed (Central Pacific Railroad Photographic History Museum) (Union Pacific Railroad site) www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/lesson_plans/lesson01.htm (Lesson plan about Transcontinental Railroad & Homestead Act including map work, document analysis, etc) www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/five/ (Pictures of the surveying for and construction of the Transcontinental Railroad.) www.gliah.uh.edu/historyonline/china1.cfm (Chinese immigrants & the building of the railroad) 1869: First intercollegiate football game played between Rutgers and Princeton; first professional baseball team organized (Cincinnati Red Stockings) www.scarletknights.com/football/history/first_game.htm http://cincinnati.red.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/cin/history/cin_history)timeline.jsp www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/tri077.html 1869: 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution passed (African-Americans get right to vote) – adopted 1870 www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/constitution/con026.pdf www.nps.gov/malu/documents/amend15.htm (Includes text and proposal and ratification information.) ca. 1870: Efforts made to
bring Chinese laborers into state
1870s: Irish immigrants in
Arkansas
1871: University of Arkansas established (originally called Arkansas Industrial University); opened with 8 students in January 1872 www.uark.edu/admin/vcfainfo/system/1001.pdf (Acts of Arkansas of 1871, Text of Act XLIV) http://pigtrail.uark.edu/info/profile_2002/land_state.html 1871: Railroad from Memphis to
Little Rock completed
“Riding the Rails,” in Arkansas Times: A History of Arkansas in Stories and Pictures. Little Rock: Arkansas Writers’ Project, 1994 1874: Gold discovered in Black Hills of Dakota Territory www.texasonline.net/people/adixon/topogs/Blackhills.htm (Pictures, sources, account of the 1864 expedition through the eyes of the chief engineer, William H. Ludlow) www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/six/ (Pictures of Custer’s Black Hills Expedition and primary sources for other events 1874- 1877) 1874: Brooks-Baxter War
(begins April 15th)
www.oldstatehouse.com/general_info/history/baxter.html http://asms.k12.ar.us/armem/looper/RESWEB.HTM (Part of the Arkansas Memory Project) 1874: President Grant
recognizes Elisha Baxter as Governor of Arkansas (May 15th);
5th
Constitutional Convention
www.oldstatehouse.com/general_info/history/baxter.html http://asms.k12.ar.us/armem/looper/RESWEB.HTM
Arkansas Recovers1874: Arkansas voters adopt a
new Constitution (October 13th)
www.arkleg.state.ar.us/data/constitution/index.html (Text of the 1874 Constitution) 1875: U.S. District Judge
Isaac C. Parker arrives at Fort Smith
(Pictures, history, information about executions and Parker) 1876: Battle of the Little Bighorn (June) (Archaeology of the battle) www.mwac.nps.gov/libi/history.html (Includes timeline, gallery, people and teacher’s guide) www.hillsdale.edu/academics/history/Documents/War/America/Indian/1876-BigHorn-Times.htm (Contemporary account of the battle in the New York Times) www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/six/ (Documents and illustrations about the battle) 1876: Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/telephone/ http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/bellhtml/bellhome.html (Bell family papers at the Library of Congress) (Bell’s notebooks) http://web.mit.edu/invent/www/inventorsA-H/graham_bell.html 1876: Mark Twain publishes The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (Site associated with Ken Burns’ film about the author.) www.geocities.com/swaisman/sawyer.htm (Information about the first publication of Tom Sawyer. Part of the website about Sam Clemens’ life.) 1877: Compromise of 1877 ends U.S. military intervention in the South http://campus.northpark.edu/history/WebChron/USA/1877Comp.html www.rbhayes.org/disputeFAQ.htm (From the Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center: Questions and answers about the election of 1876, Hayes, the Compromise of 1877 and how it all relates to Reconstruction) 1880-1890: number of settlers
and tourists increase along with growth of railroad; large
number of Sicilians, Germans
and African-Americans immigrated to Arkansas
I.M. Thyfault. Fondation d’une colonie francaise, sous la
direction des Peres du St.
Esprit…offerts aux immigrants par la compagnie Little Rock and Fort Smith R.R. Kankakee, IL: Courrier de l’Illinois, 1878 1880-1890: railroads reached
greatest mileage in state; state population greatly increased;
sawmills and coal industry
dominate state economy
1881: President Garfield assassinated www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/jg20.html (biography of President Garfield) http://americanhistory.si.edu/presidency/3d1d.html 1889: Indian Territory opened to white settlement http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/nov16.html www.treasurenet.com/images/americanwest/westok.html www.ok-history.mus.ok.us/eve/landrun.htm (Oklahoma Historical Society website) 1890: Battle/Massacre of Wounded Knee (Includes eyewitness accounts) http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/dec29.html (Good links to related/other items about the incident.) http://msnbc.com/onair/msnbc/TimeandAgain/archive/wknee/telegrams.asp (Original documents about the event.) 1891: Arkansas’ first Jim Crow
Law signed
www.arkansasstories.com/jim-crow-two.html www.oldstatehouse.com/exhibits/onthestump/html www.jimcrowhistory.org/resources/resources.htm (Teacher resources that accompanied four-part television series, “Rise and Fall of Jim Crow”) 1897: Gold discovered in Alaska www.uaf.edu/museum/exhibits/tog (Women in the Alaska Gold Rush & other related topics; part of the “Threads of Gold” exhibit) 1898: Spanish-American War; Arkansas sends 2 regiments www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/spain/sp1898.htm http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/1898/ (Library of Congress site about the Spanish-American War) 1898: U.S. annexes Hawaii http://starbulletin.com/98/08/03/features/story2.html (Hawaiian newspaper’s centennial story about the event.) http://libweb.hawaii.edu/libdept/hawaiian/annexation/annexation.html (Documents about annexation, including the Congressional debate as well as anti- annexation documents) www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/hawaii/program.html (Includes background, information about last queen, timeline, teacher’s guide and bibliography) 1900: Gold becomes the basis of U.S. currency www.multied.com/documents/GoldStandard.html (Text of the act) http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/paper/mckamcen.html (General information about 1900) www.americanpresident.org/kotrain/courses/WM/WM_Campaigns_and_Elections.htm (Information about the election of 1896, the Gold Standard, the act and glossary.) 1901: President McKinley assassinated http://intotem.buffnet.net/bhw/panamex/assassination/assassin.htm (Articles from contemporary Buffalo newspapers about the assassination and its aftermath.) 1903: Ford Motor Company formed www.cat.cc.md.us/techstud/auto/FordHistory.html 1906: Diamonds discovered in
Pike County
www.emporia.edu/earthsci/amber/go340/students/laird/diamond4.html (Covers diamond mines in North America, but leads with Arkansas.) 1913: Official state flag
adopted
www.sosweb.state.ar.us/flag.html
WWI (1914-1918) & Post-War
Arkansas
1914: Panama Canal completed (Includes history of the canal, treaty, and transition.) 1914-1918: World War I (England, France & Russia = Allies; Germany & Austria-Hungary = Central Powers) (Includes documents, speeches, treaties, origins, etc.) 1914: Serbian rebels assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary (June 28th) 1914: By the end of August Europe at war 1915: Germany sinks British liner Lusitania (May 7th) www.encyclopedia.com/html/L/Lusit-ship.asp 1915: Statewide Prohibition on
alcohol begins
1916: New State Capitol
completed
http://americanhistory.si.edu/archives/images/d8214i7.jpg (Postcard image of the Capitol under construction from the Cass Gilbert Collection.) www.sosweb.state.ar.us/virtualtour.html 1917: Bolshevik Revolution www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/forrel/1918rv1/ch5menu.htm (Documents pertaining to the Russian Revolution) 1917:
U.S. declares war, enters WWI (April); ca. 72,000 Arkansans served
www.public.asu.edu/~icprv/courses/his409/WWI/htm (Includes various documents related with WWI, including the text of the Declaration of War.) http://info.ox.ac.uk/departments/humanities/rose/chron.html (Chronology of World War I) 1917: Camp Pike built near
Little Rock (would later become Camp Robinson)
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/parSubjects03.html (Choose Camp Pike (Ark); nine photographs of Camp Pike) www.gjenvick.com/war/wwi/cantonment/pike/ (Background, history, description, soldier information, pictures) 1918: Germany asks for peace (October); war ends (November) www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/1918/armistice.html (Official release by the German government, published in Kreuz-Zeitung, November 11, 1918.) 1917: 18th Amendment to U.S. Constitution passed (Prohibition) – Adopted 1919 www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/constitution/con029.pdf http://prohibition.history.ohio-state.edu/Contents.htm (Links to various topics including origins, involvement of women, etc.) 1919: Treaty of Versailles signed outside Paris www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/imt/menu.htm 1919: Elaine race riots occur
www.clt.astate.edu/sarahwf/elainrt/elaevnt1.html (Background and copies of newspaper articles from the time.) 1920: 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution passed (Women get the right to vote) www.nps.gov/malu/documents/amend19.htm (Includes text, proposal and ratification) www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/constitution/con030.pdf 1920-1921: Oil discovered near
El Dorado
www.gorp.com/gorp/location/ar/parks/aobm.htm http://asms.k12.ar.us/armem/99-00/Oguinn/main2.htm (Includes pictures, reasons, business, population, bibliography, etc. Part of the Arkansas Memory Project.) 1923: Arkansas adopts “The
Wonder State” as the official state motto
1927: Charles Lindbergh completes first nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean (New York to Paris) www.stemnet.nf.ca/CITE/lindy.htm (Connections to sites covering all aspects of his life and the flight.) www.ibiscom.com/volindbergh.htm (Lindbergh’s own account of the flight and his speech after (audio).)
Arkansas in the Depression
(1929-1939)
1927: Worst flood in U.S. (and state) history occurs; covered 1/5 of land in Arkansas www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flood/filmmore/fd.html (“Fatal Flood” transcript, primary sources, timeline, people and events.) www.arkansasstories.com/flood-of-1927.html www.gsfc.nasa.gov/scienceques2001/20020405.htm Pete Daniel. Deep’n as it Come: The 1927 Mississippi River Flood. New York: Oxford University Press, 1977 1929: Stock Market Crash (October 29th), signaling the start of the Great Depression (Black Thursday www.pbs.org/fmc/timeline.estockmktcrash.htm 1930: Drought produces “Dust Bowl;” Arkansas records lowest rainfall amount on record http://snrs.unl.edu/amet451/oder/PDSI30s.html (Maps showing Palmer Drought Severity index of the mid-1930s to 1940) www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/dustbowl/ (Includes information about the film, timeline, maps, teacher’s guide, etc. for “Surviving the Dust Bowl.”) http://enso.unl.edu/ndmc/enigma/dustbowl/1930s9.htm (Includes links to other sites; divided into pictures, videos, poems, personal accounts, etc) Roger Lambert. “Hoover and the Red Cross in the Arkansas Drought of 1930.” Arkansas Historical Quarterly 29 (Spring 1970) 1932:
Franklin D. Roosevelt elected President; the New Deal begins. Federal funds account
for 95.6% of all public money spent in Arkansas during the Depression. www.ssa.gov/history/32election.html (Hoover v Roosevelt, New Deal, Social Security, sound lcips from famous FDR speeches, including “Pledge for a New Deal.”) (Homepage for the library and museum. Site has 13,000 documents, photographs, etc. Good for the Great Depression and WWII.) 1932: Hattie Caraway elected
to U.S. Senate
http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index-c000138
Diane D. Blair. Silent
Hattie Speaks: The Personal Journal of Senator Hattie
Caraway. Greenwood Publishers, 1999 1933:
National Bank Holiday; 204 Arkansas
banks closed since 1930
www.bos.frb.org/education/pdf/closed.pdf (Crash and Bank Holiday beginning on ca. p. 13.) 1933: Statewide (and National)
Prohibition repealed (21st Amendment)
www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/constitution/con032.pdf 1936: FDR re-elected President; attends Arkansas Centennial www.americanpresident.org/kotrain/courses/FDR/FDR_Campaigns_and_Elections.htm (Election information for 1932, 1936, 1940 and 1944; supplemental resources, etc.) www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/36.thml (Timeline has FDR speech (32 min. long) given in Little Rock, but no transcript or audio of speech.)
1937: Flood along Mississippi River; flooding Eastern Arkansas www.rootsweb.com/~argreene/1937refugeesflo.htm (Good photograph collection about the 1937 flood.) 1939: U.S. becomes Neutral Nation www.multied.com/documents/FDRFourteenthFireside.html (Speech delivered by the President on September 3, 1939.) www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intel/WorldWar2/fdr8.htm (FDR’s radio address)
Arkansas in the WWII Era
(1939-1945)
1933: Adolf Hitler comes to power in Germany http://history.sandiego.edu/gm/WW2Timeline/step02.html (Records rise of Hitler to power, including pictures.) www.yad-vashem.org.il/about/holocaust/chronology/1933-1938/1933/chronology_1933_1.html 1939: Hitler invades Poland; WWII begins www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/wwii/gpmenu.htm www.historychannel.com/speeches/archive/speech_225.html (Radio Warsaw reports about invasion.) www.historyplace.com/speeches/chamberlain.htm (British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain’s speech on the Nazi invasion of Poland.) 1940: Congress passes Selective Training and Service Act of 1940 (draft)(September 16th); during the War 55,748
Arkansans enlisted, 138,897 were drafted
www.factmonster.com/ce6/history/A0844347.html 1941: Hitler invades Soviet Union www.ibiblio.org/pha/policy/1941/410622a.html (Text of Hitler’s program on war
with the Soviet Union, published in the New York
Times June 23, 1941.) www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/battles/russia/russia_2.shtml (Includes an audio of a German soldier’s description of the destruction of Russian villages.) www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1941/molotov.html (Initial Soviet broadcast to the Russian people by Soviet Foreign Minister V. Molotov.) 1941: Southwestern Proving
Grounds opens at Hope to test military munitions
www.sentimentaljourney.org/history 1941: Japan attacks U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor (December 7th); U.S. enters WWII www.law.ou.edu/hist/infamy.html (President Roosevelt’s “Day of Infamy” speech) www.law.ou.edu/hist/japwar.html (Declaration of war on Japan) www.law.ou.edu/hist/germwar.html (Declaration of war on Germany) 1942: FDR signs Executive Orders 9066 and 9106 creating internment camps for Japanese Americans in the United States; camps open at Jerome and Rohwer www.pbs.org/childofcamp/history/timeline.html (Includes documents, camp information, timeline, health impact, resources, family album project, etc.) (Information about the roundup of Japanese Americans, camp experiences, etc.) www.umas.edu/history/institute_dir/internment.html (Includes documents, links, camp information, photographs, maps, bibliography) 1942: Battle of Midway; North African Campaign www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq81-1.htm (Variety of information about the Battle of Midway.) www.cs.ndsu.nodak.edu/~lugent/wwii.htm (Strategy for North Africa during the war; divided into different time periods during the war.) 1943: Big Inch (oil) Pipeline completed; runs through Arkansas www.shearman.com/enterprise/pipeline.html (Includes map of the pipeline found at the Library of Congress.) 1943: Soviets stop Nazis at Stalingrad www.thehistorychannel.co.uk/classroom/gcse/staling.htm www.worldwar2database.com/cgi-bin/slideviewer.cgi?list=stalingrad.slides (26 pictures of the battle.) 1944: D-Day (June 6th) — Allies land on Normandy beaches (Information about the program, letters, maps, etc) www.ddaymuseum.org/education/dday_education_factsheet_history.html (From the National D-Day Museum in New Orleans.) 1945: FDR dies; Harry Truman becomes President www.ibiscom.com/vofdrdeath.htm (Includes audio description of the funeral procession in 1945.) http://gi.grolier.com/presidents/gallery/pocket.html (Video clips of funeral procession and Truman’s first oath of office. Requires Apple QuickTime 3, available free on the site.) 1945: Germany surrenders (May) www.law.ou.edu/hist/germsurr.html 1945: United Nations charter www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/un/unchart.htm 1945: U.S. drops atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan (Several primary sources relating to the decision to use the atomic bomb.) www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/bomb/large/bomb.htm (Several documents about the decision to sue the bomb during the war and its aftermath. Includes teaching units, plans, classroom activities, etc.) www.city.nagasaki.nagasaki.jp/na-bomb/museum/m1-1e.html (Information and photographs from the Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum.) 1945: Japan surrenders (September) www.law.ou.edu/hist/japsurr.html
Arkansas through the Cold War Era1946: National School Lunch Act www.frac.org/html/federal_food_programs/programs/nslp.html 1946: Winston Churchill gives “Iron Curtain” speech www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/churchill-iron.html (Text of the speech) www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/02/documents/churchill (Text of the speech and links to other items about the Cold War.) 1948: Soviets blockade Berlin, Germany (June)/Airlift begins www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episode/04/ (Recap of the event, pictures, dispatches, newsreel footage, maps, interviews, and documents.) 1948: President Truman orders integration of U.S. military (Executive Order 9981) www.trumanlibrary.org/deseg1.htm (Chronology of desegregation of the military.) www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/presiden/execord/eo9981.htm (Text of Executive Order 9981) 1949: NATO begins www.nato.int/docu/basictxt/treaty.htm (North Atlantic Treaty, Washington DC, 4 April 1949; link to Charter of the United Nations) www.trumanlibrary.org/nato/photo.htm (Photographs of the North Atlantic Treaty signing; links to event, select NATO documents, chronology, etc.) 1950: North Korea invades South Korea (June 25) www.redstone.army.mil/history/korea/timeline_1950.html (Chronology of events of 1950) 1950-1953: Korean War www.dean.usma.edu/history/dhistorymaps/Korean%20War/KoreanWarToC.htm (Maps of the Korean War from the U.S. Military Academy) (History, information for teachers, images, interviews, etc. U.S. Army’s official website commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Korean War.) 1953: Korean War truce signed (July) www.korea.army.mil/pao/backgrounder/bg7.htm 1953: Arkansas Legislature
declares state “The Land of Opportunity”
1954: Supreme Court orders desegregation of schools (Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka) www.natinoalcenter.org/brown.html (Supreme Court syllabus and opinion from the National Center for Public Policy Research) www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1954brown.html 1954: Orval E. Faubus elected
Governor
1955: Little Rock Air Force
Base activated
www.jacksonville.ar.us/lrafb/jmil1.htm 1956: Faubus re-elected
Governor
1957: Governor Faubus signs anti-integration bills (February); Federal Court orders school integration; Governor Faubus orders National Guard and Arkansas State Police to Central High School in Little Rock www.ardemgaz.com/prev/central/faubtxt26.html
(Explanation of event by Faubus in
1991.)
www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/race_relation/july-dec97/rock-9-25a.html
(Description of event, including
interview with some of the Little Rock Nine)
www.journalism.indiana.edu/gallery/faculty/counts/integration.html
(Pictures of the events and people)
www.rohan.sdsu.edu/~bfuentes/highbackground.html
(Background, timeline, Little Rock
Nine, responses, sources and links)
1958: Faubus re-elected Governor 1959: Alaskan statehood;
Hawaiian statehood
(Text of Alaskan act)
www.law.state.ak.us/links/links.html
(Various links to documents and
information about Alaska.)
www.hawaii-nation.org/admission.htm
(Text of act)
www.eisenhowerbirthplace.org/legacy/ike0002.htm
(Information about statehood of both
Alaska and Hawaii.)
1959: Fidel Castro takes power
in Cuba
www.rose-hulman.edu/~delacova/cuban-revolution.htm
(articles, information, photographs,
maps. State Department dispatches, etc. about the
revolution 1952-1959)
1960: John F. Kennedy elected
President
www.multied.com/elections/1960.html
(general information, issues,
electoral & popular votes, state results, etc.)
www.cs.umb.edu/jfklibrary/jfkmisc.htm
(Ready reference information about
John F. Kennedy from birth through death.)
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/features/timeline/postwar/election/election.html
1960: Faubus re-elected Governor 1961: Peace Corps established
www.peacecorps.gov/about/history/decades/index.cfm
www.cs.umb.edu/jfklibrary/j101460.htm
(Text of Kennedy’s speech, October
14, 1960 at Ann Arbor, Michigan)
1962: Faubus re-elected Governor 1962: Cuban Missile Crisis www.cs.umb.edu/jfklibrary/j102262.htm (Text and audio of Kennedy’s radio and television report, October 22, 1962) www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/forrel/cuba/cubamenu.htm (Documents and information relative to the crisis.) (Short and full-length synopses about crisis, timeline, documents, etc.) 1963: Martin Luther King delivers his “I Have a Dream” speech (August 28) http://web66.coled.umn.edu/new/MKL/MLK.htm www.stanford.edu/group/King/speeches/pub/address_at_march_on_washington.pdf 1963: President Kennedy assassinated www.cs.umb.edu/jfklibrary/jfkmisc.htm 1964: Civil Rights Act www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/statutes/civil_rights_1964.htm 1964: Faubus re-elected
Governor
1964: Gulf of Tonkin Resolution passes; gives President Johnson authority to use unlimited military force in Vietnam www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/tonkin-g.htm (Texts of President Johnson’s message to Congress, August 5, 1964 and the Joint Resolution of Congress, HJ RES 1145) http://vietnam.vassar.edu/doc9.html (Senate debates concerning the Tonkin Gulf Resolution, August 6-7, 1964) 1965-1973: Vietnam War www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/vietnam/ (Introduction, maps, timeline, biographies, accounts, photographs, etc.) www.dean.usma.edu/history/dhistorymaps/Vietnam%20Pages/VietnamToC.htm (12 maps describing the war, 1954-1975) 1968: Tet offensive begins in Vietnam; public support for war lessens www.richmond.edu/~ebolt/history398/Tet_Offensive.html (Documents and links specific to the Tet Offensive.) 1968: Martin L. King assassinated (April); Robert F. Kennedy assassinated (June) www.cs.umb.edu/jfklibrary/r040468.htm (Text and audio of Robert Kennedy’s statement about the assassination of King.) http://foia.fbi.gov/mlkjrrep.htm (Summary of 1977 Dept. of Justice task force report about the assassination investigation.) www.usdoj.gov/crt/crim/mlk/part1.htm (June 2000 investigation of recent allegations concerning King’s assassination.) http://foia.fbi.gov/rfkasumm.htm (Summary of FBI investigation into Robert Kennedy’s assassination, in 3 parts.) 1968: Kindergartens authorized
in Arkansas
1973: End of direct U.S. military involvement in Vietnam www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/vietnam/ (Introduction, maps, timeline, biographies, accounts, photographs, etc.) 1974: President Richard Nixon resigns www.pbs.org/newshour/character/links/nixon_speech.html (Text of Richard Nixon’s resignation speech, August 8, 1974) http://watergate.info/nixon/resignation-letter.shtml (Image of Nixon’s resignation letter, August 9, 1974) http://americanhistory.si.edu/maroon/fd_frm.htm (Final days of the Nixon White House, overview, pictures, audio) 1975: North Vietnam invades South Vietnam; fall of Saigon – all U.S. forces withdrawn from Vietnam www.pbs.org/newshour/extra/features/jan-june00/vietnam.html (Remembrances of the day by people who were there, timeline, links, accounts by Vietnamese.) http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_720000/720724.stm (Photographs of the fall of Saigon, features, related stories, etc.) 1978: William Jefferson “Bill”
Clinton elected governor
1979: Iranians take 58 Americans hostage in Teheran www.jimmycarterlibrary.org/documents/hostages.phtml (Background, excerpts from hostage’s diary, rescue mission report, etc.) www.louisville.edu/library/ekstrom/govpubs/subjects/hist/iranhostage.html (Various documents about the crisis.) 1980: U.S. boycotts summer Olympics in Moscow www.factmonster.com/ipka/a0114780.html 1981: U.S. hostages in Iran released www.louisville.edu/library/ekstrom/govpubs/subjects/hist/iranhostage.html (Various documents about the crisis.) 1982: Clinton elected governor
1984: Soviet Union boycotts summer Olympics in Los Angeles www.mtholyoke.edu/~skcurtis/laone.html 1984: Clinton re-elected
governor
1987: Arkansas adopts “The
Natural State” as new slogan
1989: Berlin Wall falls (Explores the rise and fall of the Berlin Wall, includes an interactive exhibit.) www.nato.int/multi/photos/1989/m891101a.htm (Photographs of the wall coming down.) 1991: Persian Gulf War/Operation Desert Storm www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB39/ (Background of the operation/war, documents.) www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/gulf/ (Examination of the Gulf War includes oral histories, soldiers’ accounts, weaponry, chronology, maps, etc.) 1991: Soviet Union disbands http://newarkkwww.rutgers.edu/guides/glo-sov/html (Documents and information about causes and consequences of the collapse of the Soviet Union.) 1992: Governor Bill Clinton
elected President
1993: World Trade Center bombing http://wire.ap.org/APpackages/20thcentury/93tradecenter.html (Associated Press story, pictures of the event from the time.) 1995: Bosnian Peace (Dayton Accords) www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/intdip/bosnia/daymenu.htm 1995: Bombing of Federal Building in Oklahoma City http://wire.ap.org/APpackages/20thcentury/95oklahomacity.html (Associated Press story and pictures from the time.) 1999: NATO Alliance creates Kosovo Peace Plan http://wire.ap.org/APpackages/20thcentury/99noimpeach.html (Associated Press story and pictures from the time.)
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